Boiler



Oct. 25, 1932. DE 1,883,925

BOILER Filed July 7. 1930' 5 Sheets-Sheet l Oct. 25, 1932.

G. H. HYDE BOILER Filed July 7. 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 G. H HYDE Oct. 25, 1932.

BOILER J5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 7,

I70 NI) Patented Oct. 25, 1932 PATENT OFFHCE GEORGE E. HYDE, OF WATERTOWN, NEW YORK BOILER Application filed July 7, 1930. Serial No. 465,954.

This invention relates to improvements in boiler furnaces in which the tubes are substantially U-shaped and arranged sidewise vertically and in groups with the upper and 5 lower ends of the tubes of each group secured in respective header boxes, each of which are operably connected to an adjacent header.

The main objects of this invention are to provide a boiler furnace which is small and compact for a given capacity, which may be durably and economically constructed and is very efiicient in operation.

In carrying out these objects, I have formed the boiler tubes in U-shape to extend into the combustion chamber, and grouped them in such a manner that each group or section may be quickly and easily assembled in the boiler and secured at one end thereof or removed therefrom for repairs or replacement independently of the remaining groups or sections. This construction materially increases the heating surface in a given space with the resultant economy in heat and fuel and low stack temperature.

A further advantage obtained by my improved tubes is to prevent pocketing of the water or steam by providing a free continuous upward passage therefor through the tubes, which assures that all portions of the pressure parts will be at approximately the same temperature and thus obviating strains resulting from unequal temperatures.

A still further object is to provide an easy passage for the combustion gases which prevents, back pressure and assists the burning of fuel in a fluid form, such as gas or oil.

Other objects and advantages relating to the structure and form and relation of the parts thereof, will more clearly appear from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view, partly in elevation, of a hot water boiler furnace embodying the various'features of this invention.

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the assembled boiler tubes taken in the plane of the line 22, Figure 1.

Figures 3 and 4 are enlarged detail vertical sections taken respectively on lines 3-3 and 4-4, Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of one of the tubular sections or groups.

Figure 6 is a side elevation of my improved boiler tube assembly as adapted more particularly for steam boiler furnaces.

Figure 7 is a front face view of the device as shown in Figure 6 with one standard and adjacent portions of the upper and lower header boxes broken away.

The construction of the furnace, as illustrated in the drawings, consists of two opposite side walls 1 and a top wall or cover 2' composed of any suitable material such as fire brick and front and rear end walls 3 and 4 respectively, composed of sheet steel or other suitable material. The front wall 3- is removably secured in place in any well-known conventional manner for permitting the easy access to the interior of the furnace for assembling or removing the tube sections therefrom.

The rear wall :l is provided with a relatively large metal tube door 5- hinged at the top at 6 to the end wall in such a manner that the door normally remains closed under its own weight and, at the same time, is free to open sufficiently to relieve, any slight gas explosion or puff which sometimes occurs when burning gas or oil, as fuel. The door also provides, when opened, means for obtaining full access to the tubes and baffleplate for cleaning, etc. -7- indicates a suitable gas or oil burner so located in the combustion chamber 8 relative to the tube surface as to prevent localization of heat on certain portions of the surfaces and to obtain the largest degree of travel of the heat over the tubes to obtain the maximum efficiency.

Near the upper and lower ends of the front wall 3, but in slightly spaced relation thereto, is positioned an upper and lower horizontally disposed header -9 and 10- respectively, secured in parallel spaced relation to a pair of vertically disposedlegs or standards 11- composed of angle iron or its equivalent and positioned in parallel spaced relation between the headers and the front wall 3-, the distance between said standards being determined by the number of sections l2 of tubing it is desired to use.

The headers -9 and 10-, in this instance, are tubular members with the outer ends thereof positioned a short distance be yond the respective standards 11 and to extend through respective side walls 1 of the furnace and threaded internally for receiving a suitable fluid-conveying pipe or conduit 13 and let respectively, the pipe 1l connected to the lower header 1() being adapted to return the heating fluid from the heating system or for supply ing the fluid thereto While the pipe l3 connected to the upper header 19 is connected with any suitable heating system, not shown, for supplying the heated fluid thereto.

If it is desired, one or both of the headers 9 and 10 may have one end thereof closed by a suitable plug 15 screw-threaded therein. Each header has secured to or made integral with one side thereof a longitudinal flange member 16 which extends substantially the full length of the header. The outer face of each of the flanges is substantially flat and disposed in a plane at substantially right angles to a radial line passing midway between the longitudinal edges thereof, which edges extend some distance beyond the adjacent wall of the header and are provided with suitable holes therethrough near the outer ends for receiving bolts or screws -17 adapted to extend through registering apertures provided in one leg as -11- of the adjacent standard 11 for securing the headers to said standard, which result is obtained by means of nuts -18 screw-threaded on the outer ends of said bolts.

' Intermediate the standards -11 and headers 9 and -1() is positioned the boiler tube sections -12, any number of which may be used depending upon the required capacity of the boiler. In this instance, .l have shown five of the units or sections 12 mounted in place, each of which consists of a pair of header boxes 20, each box having a plurality of, in this instance, eight substantially U-shaped tubes 2lpreferably made of copper and arranged in two sets of four tubes each, said sets being arranged to extend rearwardly in parallel slightly spaced relation from the vertical plane of the headers, in substantially a hori zontal plane through the combustion chamber 8-, while the tubes of each set are arranged side wise in a vertical plane and so formed that the outer tubes will surround the inner tubes in uniformly spaced relation.

The transverse portion as 22 of each of the U-shaped tubes, as illustrated more particularly in Figures 1, 5 and 6 is formed substantially semi-circular in outline With the limb portions 23-- of the tube extending outwardly therefrom in diverging planes. The ends of the tubes comprising each section are secured in suitable openings 24 provided in the rear wall of the chambered head or header boxes 20 which are arranged end to end one above the other in vertical spaced relation. That is, the ends of the upper positioned limbs of the tubes are connected in one header box while the 7 ends of the lower positioned limbs are connected to a similar box positioned in vertical spaced relation below the first-mentioned box.

The openings 24 for the tubes are arranged in two transversely spaced rows which 30 extend longitudinally of the box .20 near one end thereof.

Each tube is provided with an exterior annular flange 25 formed by rolling or other means and positioned a short distance from each end thereof and adapted to engage the outer face of the respective header box for limiting the inward movement of the tube into the box while the ends of the tubes, when positioned in the openings 24 are flared or rolled outwardly by swaging or other means, so as to secure the tube tightly in the box. Opposite each tube end in the header is placed a hand hole 26 of sufficient size to permit the cleaning, removing or renewal of the tube.

The hand holes, in this instance, are circular and the walls thereof threaded for receiving suitable plugs .2.7 which are normally screw-threaded in the hand holes for 100 closing the same in a fluid-tight manner. This construction permits the quick and easy stopping of any leaks should they occur between the tubes and box which may be accom- .plished by removing the plug 2?' aligned with the defective tube and tightening the tube connection with the box by additional swaging of the inner end of the tube after which the plug may be replaced and the furnace is again ready for use. As before mentioned, the tubes are secured near one end of the header box and the other or outer ends of the boxes extend beyond the tubes, and each is provided with a relatively large opening 28 in the rear wall thereof so that when the sections are assembled in the furnace, the outer end portions of the header boxes will be in the plane of the respective upper and lower positioned headers 9- and 10, with the openings 28 2 in registration with similar openings 29 provided in the flanged side of said headers. These openings 28 and 29 have the walls thereof tapered from the outer face inwardly for receiving a bushing -30 .125 therein. The bushing 30 has the walls thereof tapered similarly to the walls of the openings 2S and 29- from the center to the ends so that when the header boxes are in operative positionwith the respective headers, with the double tapered bushing 80 engaging the openings 28 and 29, the header and boxes may be secured together in a liquid-tight manner, and this is accomplished by clamping bolts 3l which are positioned in respective inwardly extending slots 32 provided in the longitudinal edges of the flanges 16 with the heads adjacent the rear wall thereof and which extend outwardly between the adjacent positioned header boxes or rather through substantially semi-circular horizontally disposed registering grooves 20 provided in the outer vertical side walls of the boxes, said bolts being secured in place by a nut -33- screw-threaded on the outer end of the bolts 31 and a washer 34 positioned between the nuts and outer surface of the adjacent boxes. This construction is true when the bolts 31 pass between two adjacent header boxes 20 but when the end boxes are secured in place, the two outer positioned bolts pass through the grooves 20'--positioned in the outer walls of the boxes between the boxes and the adjacent outwardly extending leg portion 11- of the standard 1l which extends outwardly from the inner vertical edge of the leg 1l to which the headers are secured at substantially right angles thereto.

The legs 11 are constructed substantially the same width as the header boxes 20 which permits the washers 34l positioned on the clamping'bolts extending along the outer edge of the outer positioned header boxes to engage the outer vertical edge of the adjacent leg 11 and front face of said boxes so that by turning the nuts 33 to travel inwardly along the bolts 31, the headers and header boxes may be forced toward each other along the tapered walls of the respective bushings until a fluidtight connection is made therebetween.

It will be noted by referring to Figure 1 that the intervening space between the outer end walls of the header boxes and the adjacent upper or lower'wall of the furnace is closed by walls 85 constructed from suitable material, such as fire brick, which together with the header boxes 20-, form the front end wall of the combustion cham her 8- and, as hereinbefore mentioned, said header boxes are spaced apart vertically which forms a horizontally disposed opening 36, substantially rectangular in plan view between the standards 11 and midway between the upper and lower ends of the tubes 21.

Surrounding this opening 36 is provided a flanged tubular flue member 37, the inner chamber of which is substantially the same shape and size as the opening 36, said member having the end walls thereof formed to extend inwardly through the opening in proximity to the adjacent forwardly extending leg 11" of the standards 11 and secured thereto by bolts or screws 38.

The rear edge of the longitudinal sides of the member 37 are bent outwardly at substantially right angles to the remaining portion of the member to form flanges adapted to engage the outer face of the header boxes 20 as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. I

The front edge of the flue member extends outwardly through the front end wall 3 of the furnace and is connected with a suitable hood or cap 39- which extends horizontally across the front face of the boiler to one side thereof, where it is connected with a suit-able pipe 0 adapted to be connected with a chimney or other means for carrying off the gases, etc. generated within the furnace.

Across the upper face of the lower positioned limbs 23 of the U-shaped tubes 21 is placed a flame baffle plate 11- which is preferably made in two or more longitudinal substantially equal sections to facilitate the assembling thereof within the tubes or the displacement of the plate when it is desired to remove one or more sections. The plate 4l is arranged to extend transversely of the furnace substantially from side to side thereof and longitudinally from the inner face of the lower positioned header boxes to within a relatively short distance of the transverse portions of the boiler tubes, as shown'in Figure 1, for the purpose of deflecting the heat and gases generated at the burner 7- rearwardly along the lower positioned limbs of the tubes and thence upwardly across the transverse portion of the tubes and then forwardly along the upwardg1 positioned limb portions thereof to the ue opening 36 for the obvious reason of increasing the heat absorption of the tubes, and, therefore, obtaining the maximum efliciency of the boiler.

The rear portion of the tube sections may, as shown in Figure 1, be supported upon a suitable transverse wall 43 formed of fire brick or other suitable material, which also assists in directing the heat and gases along said tubes.

The boiler construction illustrated in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 4 is more especially adapted to be used as a hot water boiler but when it is desired to use the boiler for generating steam, it is only necessary to replace the upper header 9 with av suitable tank or drum 45 having an adequate storage capacity for water and steam and which, in this instance, has a substantially rectangu lar base portion and an oval top in cross section.

The lower portion -l5' of the front end wall of the drum 45 is reinforced or made somewhat heavier than the remaining portion ofthe drum and extends outwardly from either side of said drum and from one standard 11 to the other for the purpose of providing means for securing the drum 45- to said standards, which is accomplished by means of bolts or studs i6- secured to said end portion -4i5 of the drum and secured to the standards in the same manner in which the header 9 is secured thereto, as hereinbefore described for the hot water boiler.

The drum t5 may, however, be of any desired shape or construction and extends rearwardly in a horizontal plane over the top of the boiler tubes 21. v

The drum i5 is provided with an opening -4c7"lll one side near the rear lower portion thereof to whicl'i is connected suitable conduit or pipe l8 which extends forwardly and downwardly to the lower positioned header i9 similar to the iieader -10, with the exception that one end thereof is provided with a radial opening -50 for receiving tne pipe 4S and thereby conmeeting said header with the rear end of the drum 4:5 which establishes fluid connection between said header and drum for permitting the free circulation of the water therethrough.

In the upper wall intermediate the ends of the drum 45- is provided a suitable threaded opening or outlet -51 -to which may be secured a suitable conduit for connecting the drum with a steam heating system, not shown. The forward end of the drum near the upper portion thereof, is also provided with a relatively small threaded opening as 52* adapted to receive therein any fixture which it may be desired to connect with the drum t5- such as a pressure gauge.

It is now evident that when desired, any one of the tube sections 12 may be removed without disturbing the remaining sections by first removing the hood -39 and front wall -3 of the furnace after which the fine member 37 may be disconnected from the furnace by removing the screws -38- after which the desired tube section or sections may be removed by simply removing the nuts 33 clamping said section or sections in position and then drawing the section or sections forwardly from the furnace and out of engagement with the upper and lower headers 9 and 10-, or if it is a steam boil-er, the sections may be removed in like manner from the drun -4t5 and the header as -49 and it is obvious that the sections may be replaced or a new section substituted therefor by reversing this operation.

It is also evident that due to the angular positioning of the limbs of the tubes -21 relative to the transverse portions thereof, that there is a continued upwardly extending inclination or slope to the tubes for the passageof water during the heating thereof from the lower header and header boxes connected therewith to the upper header boxes and header or drum connected therewith, which permits the free passage of the water and steam and, therefore, prevents the possibility of trapping or pocketing the water or steam at any location and when the boiler is used to generate steam, this structure provides for a constant and thorough circulation of the water throughout the boiler so as to maintain all parts at the same temperature.

Although I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of my improvements, I do not wish to be limited to the exact con struction shown, as it is evident that various changes. in the details of the structure and form and relation of the parts thereof may readily be made without departing from the spirit of this invention, as set forth in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a boiler furnace, a pair of parallel spaced headers adapted to be connected in a heating system and a plurality of boiler tube sections removably secured to said headers in a fluid-tight manner, each of said sections comprising a pair of header boxes arranged in vertical spaced relation one above the other to form an opening therebetween extending transversely of said sections and in communication with an exhaust flue, and a plurality of U-shaped boiler tubes having the limbs thereof extending outwardly from the transverse portions in diverging planes and connected with said boxes to form a fluid passage therebetween.

2. In a boiler furnace, a pair of parallel spaced headers adapted to be connected in a heating system, a plurality of boiler tube sections arranged between said headers and to extend outwardly therefrom, each of said sections comprising a pair of header boxes arranged in vertical spaced relation one above the other to form an opening therebetween extending transversely of said sections and in communication with an exhaust flue and a plurality of U-shaped boiler tubes arranged sidewise in a vertical plane and having the limbs extending outwardly from. the transverse portions thereof in diverging planes and connected with the adjacent end portions of the boxes so as to form a fluid passage therebetween, and means for removably connecting the outer end portions of the boxes with the adjacent header in a fluid-tight manner.

3. In a boiler furnace in combination, a combustion chamber, a plurality of header boxes arranged in pairs to form an end wall of said chamber and having a transverse opening in communication with an exhaust flue, the boxes of each pair being arranged in a vertical plane one above the other, U- shaped boiler tubes arranged-side-wise. ver- ,tically and having the limbs thereof disposed in horizontal inclined planes within the combustion chamber, said tubes being arranged in groups, one group for each pair of boxes, the upper and lower disposed limbs of said tubes being connected respectively with the upper and lower positioned boxes, at horizontally disposed header connected in a fluid-tight manner with each of the upper header boxes, and a second horizontally disposed header connected with each of the lower disposed boxes in fluid-tight manner.

4. In a boiler furnace, a plurality of boiler tube sections arranged side by side, each of said sections comprising a pair of header boxes arranged in vertical spaced relation one above the other to form an opening therebetween extending transversely of said sections and in communication with an exhaust flue, a plurality of U-shaped boiler tubes having the limbs thereof extending outwardly from the transverse portions in diverging planes and connected with said boxes to form afluid passage therebetween, a horizontally disposed drum arranged to extend over said tubes and removably connected at one end in a fluid-tight manner with the upper positioned header boxes, a header removably connected in a fluid-tight manner with each lower positioned header boxes, and a conduit connecting said drum with said header.

5. In a boiler furnace, a pair of spaced headers adapted to be connected in a heating system, a plurality of boiler tube sections secured to said headers in a fluid-tight manner, each of said sections comprising a pair of header boxes arranged in spaced relation to form an opening therebetween extending transversely of said sections and in communication with an exhaust flue, and a plurality of boiler tubes connected with said boxes to form a fluid passage therebetween.

6. In a boiler furnace in combination, a combustion chamber, a plurality of boiler tube sections arranged side by side, each of said sections comprising a pair of header boxes arranged in vertical spaced relation to form an end wall of said chamber and having the opening therebetween in communication with an exhaust flue and a plurality of boiler tubes connected with each pair of boxes to form a fluid passage therebetween, a horizontally disposed header connected in a fluid-tight manner with each of the upper header boxes, and a second horizontally disposed header connected with each of the lower disposed boxes in a fluidtight manner.

7. In a boiler furnace in combination, a combustion chamber, a plurality of boiler tube sections arranged side by side, each of said sections comprising a pair of header boxes arranged in vertical spaced relation to form an end wall of said chamber and having the opening therebetween in com- 

